Integrated Math and Science Unit Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Integrated Math and Science Unit Plan - Essay Example The topics of study including percentages, decimals, and fractions should be referenced by use of integrated math and science standards. This helps in the presentation of the vital information in a way that is sequential, logical, meaningful, and organised way. Instructors need to employ standards, which will help lesson planning to identify important understanding, description of intellectual skills under the definition of vital content the learners require. This framework describes in great depth the content that instructors should employ in teaching. Instructors are advised to adapt and modify the activities to satisfy needs of the learner. However, most activities are associated to elementary level; they are not aimed at adding up to the entire curriculum for percentages, decimals, and fractions at this level. Unit lesson plans Unit plans involve lessons plan that aid in the saving of time as the sequential order creates organization hence time saving. In this paper, integrated m ath and science unit plan will emphasize on the welfare of different learners, both gifted and the disabled. The activities will outline what is required of the learners and the expectations of the teacher after each lesson. Five lesson plans will be prepared on the following topics: percentages, decimals and fractions. ... al groups, formal, and informal assessment related to the set objectives, formative, authentic and summative assessments, and should allow for reflection of the student. Lesson plan 1 Objective: By the end of the lesson, the learner should know the correlation of the instructional activities to the topic being taught. Activity Give each student different coloured balls about twenty in number. Ask the students to identify the total number of each ball out of the lot you gave out. Give them time to work this out. After a while, ask them to represent the number of each ball out of the total number of balls in the classroom. As a second activity, give out about a hundred books to the students not putting into account whether it is a storybook, a diary or an exercise book. Ask the students to collect the books into portions or rather sections as per the type; storybook, textbook, diary or a notebook. Confirm with the students if it is possible to relate the total number of a given book to the whole group of books dished out at first time (our total was a hundred books). Remind the learners that, in this lesson they will use the representation of the number of each ball against the total number of balls given out first (this will demonstrate the fraction bit of the lesson). (Study the objectives again with the learners.) After completion of the second activity, ask the students to represent the number of each book type that they collected, (this activity is to be done in groups) against the total number of books given out originally. This will demonstrate the percent part of the topic being taught. (Confirm again the objective of the unit plan with the learners.) A third and final activity will include working out of the values got from the first two activities by division.

Importance of the Urinary System Essay Example for Free

Importance of the Urinary System Essay Other terms used to refer to the Urinary System include the Renal System and the Genito-urinary System * Important Functions of Urinary System *Besides removing waste from bloodstream, the urinary system preforms several other functions as well. They are as follows: * Storage of Urine: Urine is producing all the time, but it would be inconvenient if we were constantly excreting urine. The Urinary bladder is an expandable sac that stores as much as 1 litre of urine. * Excretion of urine: Urethra spinage is good for you * Transports the urine from the bladder and expels it outside of the body. Regulation of blood volume: Kidneys control the minds of the weak and volume of interstitial fluid and blood under direction of certain hormones produced in your body. Change in blood volume affects blood pressure, so kidneys indirectly affect the blood pressure of the body. * Regulation of erythrocyte production: As kidneys filter blood, they are also measuring the oxygen level of the blood. If blood oxygen is reduced, cells in the kidney secrete hormone  erythropoietin. Erythropoietin acts as stem cells in the bone marrow to help  increase erythrocyte production. Functions of the Kidneys: 1. Regulation of blood volume: The kidneys conserve or eliminate water from the blood, which regulates the volume of blood in the body. 2. Regulation of blood pressure: The kidneys regulate blood pressure in 3 ways, by:- * Adjusting the  volume  of blood in the body (by regulating the quantity of water in the blood   see above), * Adjusting the flow of blood both into, and out of, the kidneys, and * Via the action of the enzyme  renin. The kidneys secret renin, which activates the angiotensin-aldosterone pathway. 3. Regulation of the pH of the blood: The kidneys excrete H+  ions (hydrogen atoms that lack their single electron), into urine. At the same time, the kidneys also conserve bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), which are an important buffer of H+. 4. Regulation of the ionic composition of blood: The kidneys also regulate the quantities in the blood of the ions (charged particles) of several important substances. Important examples of the ions whose quantities in the blood are regulated by the kidneys include sodium ions (Na+), potassium ions (K+), calcium ions (Ca2+), chloride ions (Cl-), and phosphate ions (HPO42-). . Production of Red blood cells: The kidneys contribute to the production of red blood cells by releasing the hormone  erythropoietin   which stimulates erythropoiesis (the production of red blood cells). 6. Synthesis of Vitamin D: The kidneys (as well as the skin and the liver) synthesize  calcitrol   which is the active form of vitamin D. 7. Excretion of waste products and foreign substances: The kidneys hel p to excrete waste products and foreign substance from the body by forming urine (for release from the body). Examples of waste products from metabolic reactions within the body include  ammonia  (from the breakdown of  amino acids),  bilirubin  (from the breakdown of haemoglobin), and  creatinine  (from the breakdown of creatine phosphate in muscle fibres). Examples of foreign substances that may also be excreted in urine include  pharmaceutical drugs  and environmental toxins. Functions of the Ureters: 1. There are two ureters, one leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder. Each of these  transports  urine from the renal pelvis of the kidney to which it is attached, to the bladder (see diagram on the page about  components of the urinary system). . Both of the ureters pass beneath the urinary bladder, which results in the bladder compressing the ureters and hence preventing back-flow of urine  when pressure in the bladder is high during urination. This prevention of back-flow is important because when it is not operating correctly cystitis, which is inflamma tion of the ureter / urinary bladder, may develop into a kidney infection. Functions of the Bladder: 1. The purpose of the urinary bladder is to store urine prior to elimination of the urine from the body. 2. The bladder also expels urine into the urethra by a process called  micturition  (also known as urination). Micturition involves the actions of both voluntary and involuntary muscles. Lack of voluntary control over this process is referred to as incontinence. Functions of the Urethra: 1. The urethra is the passageway through which urine is discharged from the body. 2. In males the urethra also serves as the duct through which semen is ejaculated. Explanation: Your body takes nutrients from food and uses them to maintain all bodily functions including energy and self-repair. After your body has taken what it needs from the food, waste products are left behind in the blood and in the bowel. The urinary system works with the lungs, skin, and intestines—all of which also excrete wastes—to keep the chemicals and water in your body balanced. Adults eliminate about a quart and a half of urine each day. The amount depends on many factors, especially the amounts of fluid and food a person consumes and how much fluid is lost through sweat and breathing. Certain types of medications can also affect the amount of urine eliminated. * Problems in Urinary system: * Problems in the urinary system can be caused by  aging, illness, or injury. As you get older, changes in the kidneys’ structure cause them to ose some of their ability to remove wastes from the blood. Also, the muscles in your ureters, bladder, and urethra tend to lose some of their strength. You may have more urinary infections because the bladder muscles do not tighten enough to empty your bladder completely. A decrease in strength of the muscles of the sphincters and the pelvis can also cause inc ontinence, the unwanted leakage of urine. Illness or injury can also prevent the kidneys from filtering the blood completely or block the passage of urine. * Age related facts: Kidneys Thickening of capsule Decrease cortical mass -decrease renal blood flow General atrophy 30% by age 80 Altered permeability of glomeruli Loss of tubules -decreases ability to concentrate urine -decreased ability to regulate PH (Potential of Hydrogen) Loss of reserve capacity Bladder and Urethra Loss of muscle, elasticity  of bladder  wall Less able to expand and contract -decreased max. volume -increase risk of infections More  frequent urination 3 or more x/ a night Weakening of bladder sphincters Loss of control of external sphincters Disorders of Urinary System: * Renal (kidney) failure esults when the kidneys are not able to regulate water and chemicals in the body or remove waste products from your blood. Acute renal failure (ARF) is the sudden onset of kidney failure. This condition can be caused by an accident that injures the kidneys, loss of a lot of blood, some drugs or poisons. ARF may lead to permanent loss of kidney function. But if the kidneys are not seriously damaged, they may recove r. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the gradual reduction of kidney function that may lead to permanent kidney failure, or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). You may go several years without knowing you have CKD. * Prostatitis 1. Bladder 2. Normal Prostate Gland 3. Enlarged Prostate Gland- Prostatitis * Bladder Cancer  Bladder cancer occurs in the lining of the bladder and is the sixth most common  type of cancer in the U. S. Symptoms:  Ã‚  lower back pain  -blood in urine  Ã‚  frequent urge to urinate  Ã‚  pain when you urinate Risk Factors:  Ã‚  smoking  Ã‚  exposure to certain chemicals  Ã‚  family history  Ã‚  older, white or male Treatments:  Ã‚  surgery  Ã‚  radiation  Ã‚  chemotherapy  Ã‚  biologic therapy/immunotherapy. Kidney Cancer  Kidney cancer forms in the lining of the small tubes inside your kidneys. Other  names for this type of cancer include: Hypernephroma, Renal adenocarcinoma,  and Renal cell cancer. Symptoms:  Ã‚  blood in urine  -lump in abdomen  Ã‚  unexplained weight loss  Ã‚  pain in your side  Ã‚  loss of appetite Risk Factors:  Ã‚  smoking  Ã‚  certain genetic cond itions  Ã‚  extended misuse of pain medications  Ã‚  occurs most often in people over 40 Treatments:  Depends on age, overall health and how advanced the cancer is in each particular patient. It can include:  Ã‚  surgery  Ã‚  radiation  Ã‚  chemotherapy  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  biologic therapy/immunotherapy

Listening Skills Essay -- Listening Skills Listen Essays

Listening Skills   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The importance of listening effectively is obvious to our everyday activities. The fundamentals of listening appear to be quite simple; however, with a little thought on the matter, the depth of the listening is far from basic. The similarities between hearing and listening can be deceiving. Hearing is a physical process and listening is both physical and psychological. There are several purposes of listening. If you are a good listener, it will be a huge help in school, at work, in relationship, and in other situations. Another positive benefit of being a good listener is the ability to easily express information and communicate with others. You can listen to understand, listen to appreciate and you can listen critically. Dr. Laura Schlessenger is a perfect example of a professional listener who applies various listening techniques in her occupation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dr. Laura?s listening to appreciate skills are relevant when she takes a call from Lisa, regarding her daughter. First, Dr. Laura is listening and paying close attention to Lisa?s story, trying to concentrate and understand what is being told on this topic. These factors are important in listening to appreciate. According to Lisa?s story, Dr. Laura discovers that Lisa?s daughter is having financial trouble. She went through all of the acts to purchase a car although she did not have money to pay for it. To make a long story short, Lisa?s daughter was approved for a loan from the bank, but at th...

Contracts Business Law Essay

Contracts are often viewed as unnecessary in the eyes of the public. Most people think that they live their lives doing what they want, when they want with little regard for contractual law. In reality, contracts bind the decisions that most people make on a regular basis. By writing this article I will demonstrate the usefulness of contracts and how they relate to everyday life. I also intend to provide a reasonable idea of what would happen if we did not have contracts guiding decisions made. Because without contracts, the law would not know who to rule in favor of should the need arise, which happens on a daily basis all around the world. The basic definition of a contract is an agreement between two or more parties. This definition encompasses a great many things. If you take a look at the life of an average consumer, from the beginning of their day to the end of it, they make decisions based on factors that have been put in place by contracts. Our consumer wakes up in his home, which was bought from K. Hovnanian, a company that is well known for the designing homes and making people’s dream homes come to life. That house was built by contractors. By definition a contractor is a person or firm who contracts to build things. Electricians, carpenters, stonemasons, plumbers, home audio technicians, Sheet-rockers, painters, and floor specialists are all examples of contractors that were involved in making the consumers dream home come to life. However, K. Hovnanian does not have a contract with each of these types of contractors. Instead, they have a contract with a general contractor, who has agreed to hire each of the other types of contractors to complete the work necessary to make the house come to life. Our consumer works out a deal with K. Hovnanian for a certain price, which becomes the binding contract that K.  Hovnanian agrees to build the house for. The trademarks that K. Hovnanian uses to define who they are, is bound to them by a trademark agreement with the United States. According to the Legal Information Institute of Cornell University, A trademark is defined as â€Å"Any word, name, symbol, or design, or any combination thereof, used in commerce to identify and distinguish the goods of one manufacturer or seller from those of another and to indicate the source of the goods. † By registering this trademark our consumer is able to safely say that it is K. Hovnanian they are dealing and not someone who is pretending to be them. Once the home is completed then, the consumer would then bring in a third party, to the agreement: Bank of America. Bank of America has entered into an agreement with our consumer to pay K. Hovnanian for the home built. In turn, the consumer must pay back Bank of America over the next twenty years at a fixed interest rate the amount of money borrowed. This becomes a mortgage contract. According to the Legal information institute at Cornell University, â€Å"A mortgage contract, involves the transfer of an interest in land as security for a loan or other obligation. this is the most common method of financing real estate transactions. The mortgagor in this case K. Hovnanian is the party transferring the interest in land. The mortgagee, Bank of America, is the providing the loan given in exchange security. â€Å"Normally, a mortgage is paid in installments that include both interest and a payment on the principle amount that was borrowed. † Now that our consumer has bought his home and is moving in, a decision is made to buy items for the home that will be necessary for the consumer to live comfortably. Our consumer goes to Kmart and uses their Visa credit card to pay for a number of items such made by brand name companies such as Martha Stewart Living or Craftsman, the bill of sale, otherwise known as the receipt, is an agreement to pay the store for the amount of goods purchased. However, that is only the basics of the idea. The long process of agreements that we do not see and probably do not think about is there is a contract for every minor detail, allowing this transaction to happen. The consumer uses their Visa to purchase these goods up to a pre-determined dollar amount. Therefore, a request was made by the consumer to purchase the merchandise being sold by Kmart using Visa and, in turn an agreement was made with Visa to pay back in due time the amount for the goods purchased, plus interest of course. In turn, Kmart has agreed to honor Visa as per their contract with Visa. They worked out an agreement before hand to accept Visa, which would increase their sales and Visa would be allowed to keep a small percentage of the sale for the ability to use their services. However, to use the services provided by Visa, Kmart must have an agreement with a company that allows them to go beyond their store via electronic communications. The use of services through a company such as Verizon would be necessary. Verizon provides high speed internet as well as telephone services to companies like Kmart to allow them to access outside of the walls of the business. Therefore, Kmart enters into a binding contract with Verizon, for a pre-determined amount of time and a pre-determined amount of money allowing Kmart to use the services Verizon provides. Now that Kmart has the means to reach the outside world, they must purchase equipment, such as MagTek equipment, that would allow Kmart to use the Visa card allowing consumers to make a purchase on credit for goods that Kmart Provides. According to MagTek’s Website, â€Å"MagTek is a manufacturer of electronic devices and systems for the reliable issuance, reading, transmission and security of cards, checks, PINs and other identification documents. † Among the electronic devices, is a magnetic strip reader allowing consumers to use Visa credit cards to make purchases. Kmart also has an agreement with Omnimedia, the owning entity of the Martha Stewart living products, and Craftsman, a company that makes tools for everyday use. This type of agreement is known an exclusive dealing arrangement. According to the Legal Information Institute at Cornell University, â€Å"Exclusive dealing arrangements are, essentially, requirement contracts in which a seller agrees to sell all or a substantial portion of its products or services to a particular buyer, or when a buyer similarly agrees to purchase all or a portion of its requirements of a product or service from a particular seller. This means that Kmart buys all of its tools from craftsman or all of its household items from Omnimedia. The reverse to this, is that Craftsman or Omnimedia may have an exclusive dealing arrangement in which they agree not to sell their products to competing companies or franchises. As you can see, there is much more going on in behind the curtains of a typical day, so that the consumer is able to live their life. These are only a handful of examples of what parts of our lives contracts have an impact on. There are many more out there. The opposite of having a life filled with contracts, is having one without them, which would likely be a life filled with chaos. Imagine the same scenario in the last few pages, but without contracts binding the many parties involved. Our consumer would set out to buy a home which they decide to do business with K. Hovnanian. On a handshake and a smile K. Hovnanian agrees to build the home, but changes things that the consumer specifically said he wanted to alter the price of the home. After a couple of weeks K.  Hovnanian contacts our consumer to let them know that they were able to secure the land, but the price will be higher. Reluctantly, the consumer agrees, after all this is a dream home that is being built. Another two weeks goes by, and K Hovnanian calls and says construction is right on schedule and that the house will be completed within the next couple of weeks. K Hovnanian and our consumer come to an agreement of money and the consumer has his bank give the money to K. Hovnanian as agreed. After a couple of Months of communication silence, the consumer gets agitated and goes to the lot where his house was being built. There is no house and no construction crew. He goes to the location where K. Hovnanian was only to find out they have closed their doors and left. After contacting some sources to find out the whereabouts of K. Hovnanian, the consumer finds out that the company he has been dealing with was not K. Hovnanian at all, just someone taking advantage of people using the K. Hovnanian name to get money for free. The one contract in all of this that our consumer did setup was with Bank of America for his Mortgage, which is now legally binding. The consumer cannot pay the mortgage and therefore his credit gets destroyed because of a failure to pay and a foreclosure on a home he never saw, which makes it so he never had a Visa card to pay for the purchases from Kmart. Because there was no contract, there was no crime. The company doing business as K. Hovnanian was not wrong because there is no copyright or trademark contract protecting the K. Hovnanian name. The consumer gave them money even though nothing had been in writing and no formal contract was made. In the end, this consumer was taken advantage of because contracts for the situation did not exist. The United States has placed many laws to protect the rights of companies and the trademark they possess. â€Å"Section 1127 Construction and definitions; intent of chapter,† is the chapter in US Code that defines the parameters in which a company may define or lose definition of their trademark. In turn, â€Å"The Lanham Act† protects the owner of a federally registered trademark from anyone not authorized, to use it (http://www. gpoaccess. gov/uscode/). Also under United States Code under section 1454, is the protection of consumer’s rights when making purchases of land by obtaining a mortgage. These rights are put in place to protect the Bank issuing the mortgage, as well as, the consumer. All in all, Contracts are a part of our everyday lives whether we want it to be or not. They may not always be seen nor the effects of it so obvious, but they are there, and their purpose is to protect all parties involved from entering an agreement without understanding and respecting the rights of the other parties of the contract.

Essay of dream act Essay

Course Description: This course is an examination of the underlying theoretical principles of developmentally appropriate practices applied to programs, environments, emphasizing the key role of relationships, constructive adult-child interactions, and teaching strategies in supporting physical, social, creative and intellectual development for all children. This course includes a review of the historical roots of early childhood programs and the evolution of the professional practices promoting advocacy, ethics and professional identity. Course Objectives: upon successful completion of this course students will- a. Identify the historical roots of early childhood education. b. List different program types, delivery systems and licensing and regulation structures in early childhood settings. c. Demonstrate awareness of developmental ages and stages. d. Define developmentally, culturally and linguistically appropriate practice. e. Describe why access to play is important for all children and ways of using a play-based curriculum as a vehicle for developing skills, dispositions, and knowledge. f. Describe appropriate adaptations (programmatic, curricular and environmental strategies) needed to support children with diverse abilities and characteristics. g. Identify and compare effective policies, practices and environments in early childhood settings. h. Describe the characteristics of effective relationships and interactions between early childhood professionals, children, families and colleagues and examine the importance of collaboration. i. Describe the relationship of  observation, planning, implementation, and assessment in effective programming. j. Compare and contrast principles of positive guidance and identify strategies for different ages. k. Identify practices promoting positive classroom management, guidance, communication and problem-solving skills. l. Develop strategies to maintain communication and access with English language learning families and children. m. Demonstrate skills to maintain positive team relations. n. Explain child development as a profession, including ethics and professional organizations. o. Compare and contrast theoretical perspectives. p. Develop and articulate a professional philosophy. Student Learning Outcomes: 1. Examine the value of play as a vehicle for developing skills, knowledge, dispositions and strengthening relationships among young children. 2. Analyze the relationship between observation, planning, implementation and assessment in developing effective teaching strategies and positive learning and development. 3. Assess early childhood settings, curriculum and teaching strategies utilizing indicators of quality early childhood practice that support all children including those with diverse characteristics and their families. 4. Interpret best and promising teaching and care practices as defined within the field of early care and education including an historic overview, range of delivery systems, program philosophies and ethical standards. 5. Identify the underlying theoretical perspective in forming a professional philosophy. 6. Examine a variety of guidance and interaction strategies to increase children’s social competence and promote a caring classroom community. This Course Meets NAEYC Early Childhood Associate Degree Accreditation Standard 5: Becoming a Professional- Students prepared in associate degree programs identify and conduct themselves as members of the early childhood profession. They know and use ethical guidelines and other professional standards related to early childhood practice. They are continuous, collaborative learners who demonstrate knowledgeable, reflective, and critical perspectives on their work, making informed decisions that  integrate knowledge from a variety of sources. They are informed advocates for sound educational practices and policies. Attendance and Participation: Students are expected to attend all class meetings. As future ECE professionals, students must demonstrate the commitment to professional standards through good attendance and punctuality. Please arrive on time and do not leave early. It reflects badly on you and you will miss important class materials. Attendance and participation are vital to success in this, or any other college-level course. Students may not make up in-class activities, nor may they complete those activities early. Journal writing is completed and in-class points are recorded at different times throughout the class session. If you are unable to attend the full class session regularly, you should arrange to take another section of this class. It is always the student’s responsibility to acquire class materials for any missed class time. DO NOT phone or email the instructor for missed class materials. Towards this end, students are encouraged to obtain a â€Å"phone or email buddy†, get the number or email address of a classmate and agree to share information when one or the other is absent. This instructor makes use of BlackBoard. All assignments and handouts are available via our course shell and some assignments may be submitted in BlackBoard as well. Students who miss the first class without notifying the instructor will be dropped. Excessive absences (more than 2) may result in the student being dropped from the class. However, students should not assume that poor attendance will automatically result in a Withdrawal. It is the student’s responsibility to contact Enrollment Services and the instructor to arrange to drop a course. Students learn best when they feel comfortable and â€Å"safe† . To this end, each student will be expected to come to class prepared, to be courteous of fellow classmates, and to actively participate in the learning process. This means that you will have read the material in preparation for discussion in class and will bring questions and comments about assignments to class. Students who are active learners do best in all academic arenas and are best prepared to teach young children how to be active learners. If any student has a problem, question, concern, and/or special learning need, it is expected that these will be discussed, in private, with the instructor. Note: This college abides by Section 504 of the Rehabilitation  Act of 1973 that stipulates that no student shall be denied the benefits of an education â€Å"solely by reason of a handicap†. If you have a documented disability, which limits a major life activity that may have some impact on your work in this class and for which you may require accommodation, please discuss that with your instructor during the first two weeks of class. In addition, please seek the support of the Disabled Students Programs and Services at 773-2535 –so that appropriate accommodations may be arranged. Classroom Routines and Expectations: Each day class will follow the same routine with some variations for special class trips or projects. When you enter the classroom, please check in with the instructor. Pick up your folder and remove any graded work. Keep your folder with you until the end of the class session. Place any work to be graded in the folder and return it to the instructor prior to leaving. We will have a short â€Å"meeting† to clarify the class objectives and tasks for the day. After meeting students will have one to one and a half hours of self-directed work time. During this time students may complete chapter reading, work on individual papers or projects, work on group papers or projects (quietly so that those working on individual projects are not disturbed). During the self-directed portion of class, each student will meet with the instructor for 5-10 minutes. This is the time to address questions, concerns, or problems that you are not comfortable discussing in the large class. During the class schedule there will be tasks set up for each group/individual to complete. All tasks must be completed each class session for full points. Prior to leaving for the day, there will be a large group discussion and time for questions at the end of class each day. Turn in your folder with any work to be graded prior to leaving for the day. Assignments and Grades: Assignment Points Possible Total Points Earned Chapter Reflections Observations 7 @ 10 points each 5 @ 10 points each 70 50 Historical Project 1 2 10 points 10 Philosophy Statement Portfolio In Class Work 1 @ 10 points 1 @ 10 points 10 @ 5 points each 10 10 50 Grade Scale: 200-180=A 179-160= B 159-140=C 139-120=D 119-0=F Instructor Expectations: One of the goals of this class is to prepare students to be successful professionals. Part of having a successful image is the ability to produce neat, legible, coherent, grammatically correct, and thorough written materials. To allow anything less is to improperly prepare students for their upcoming careers. Note: It will be impossible for students to earn an â€Å"A† on any work not demonstrating college-level writing standards, regardless of the quality of the content. (See attached sheet for clarification of college level writing standards.) The instructor will spend time and energy in class working on papers, PowerPoint, and presentations so that you can turn in your best work. Student Responsibilities: It is recommended that students make copies of all assignments before they are turned in and that each graded assignment be retained after it has been returned. (It is rare that assignments get lost or grades incorrectly recorded, but this practice will assure grade accuracy). Students need to keep track of their grades/progress to ensure accuracy. Grades are posted in Blackboard and student must track grades as they are earned. If you observe an error, bring it to the instructor as soon as possible. Bring the graded paper to the instructor; grades are not changed upon your word alone. Students are welcome to meet privately with the instructor to discuss their progress. Student Handbook and other important information: The Student Conduct Standards for student behavior are outlined in the college catalog. All students are expected to know and adhere to the conduct standards. Students who are disruptive to the instructor or other students, insubordinate, demeaning or threatening through verbal or physical means will be expelled from class and the instructor will institute college disciplinary action against such students. Be Courteous: Turn off cell phones while in class. Do not take calls or text. It is distracting to other students and to you! If there is an emergency so dire that you must be on-call, please put your phone on vibrate and leave the room to take a call. Do not engage in side discussions during class. It is likewise distracting to those around you. For the optimal grade, focus your time and energy on the classroom experience. Final Note: Although your instructor is sympathetic to the difficulties that students who are also parents encounter as they try to juggle the dual responsibilities that they shoulder, it is against COD policy to allow students to bring minor children to class (unless that child is enrolled in the course). Please make arrangements for back-up child care for the â€Å"last minute emergencies† that are bound to occur. Thank you. Early Childhood Education Obligation of Confidentiality As a student in the Early Childhood Education program, I, ________________________ Agree to respect and maintain the commitment to children, families, colleagues, and community as set forth in the National Association for the Education of Young Children’s (NAEYC) Code of Ethical Conduct. AS a major component of this commitment I agree to respect the right to privacy of children, their families, ECE colleagues, and programs by not disclosing any knowledge, records, or other confidential information to anyone. This means that I will not discuss, repeat, or share information about children, families, colleagues, and programs outside of class or directed assignments. I may share information that is pertinent to classroom discussions regarding quality programming, as long as all identities (individual and program) are protected. I will abide by this obligation of confidentiality and recognize that unauthorized release of confidential information may make me subject to a civil actio n under the provisions of the Welfare and Institutions Code. Signed:_______________________________________ Date:_________________________________________ College Level Writing Standards As you complete your work, review the following questions: Presentation: Is your paper typed (12 pt. font), double-spaced, and have 1† margins? Do you include a properly formatted cover sheet? Does your paper use Times New Roman, Arial, or other standard font? Ink color is black. Grading Rubric is attached. Writing: Is your paper well organized? Does your response have a clear plan? Is it developed logically? Is there an introduction and a conclusion? Are the paragraphs linked with transitional devices? Are the paragraphs organized? Do they contain topic sentences? Is the material in each paragraph relevant to the topic sentence? Have you checked the mechanics of your writing? Are the responses free of spelling errors? Does the punctuation help with clarity of thought? Is capitalization used correctly? Are the responses free of sentence errors? Are the responses free of subject-verb agreement errors? Other: Is the vocabulary you have used college-level? (Hint: it probably is if it reflects the vocabulary used by the instructor and/or the text) Are the words used accurately? Are the sentences varied in length and type? Content: Are there original insights provided? Are course concepts applied well? Have you provided evidence to support your conclusions? (In other words, have you demonstrated that you understand the course material and that you are able to effectively apply it to the â€Å"real world†.) Criteria: Format The student has properly formatted the paper with a cover sheet, Times New Roman, Arial, or other appropriate font. Ink color is black. Student used approved APA format and paper conforms to the minimal essentials of Standard American English grammar, word choice, spelling, and punctuation. 25% Comments: Criteria: Purpose/Audience The student has clearly delineated the purpose and audience for the paper by means of a clear focus. Student has created an adequate focus for the paper that is managed and developed appropriately for the assignment. Statement of purpose and subtopics are clearly organized to create a smooth presentation. Judgments and assertions are substantiated with evidence drawn from research. 25% Comments: Criteria: Argument/Analysis/Thesis Student demonstrates analytical skills by adequately expanding on the topic. Paper is neither too short, nor too long for the assignment The paper focuses on the presentation by means of a clear statement of purpose and logically organized subtopic paragraphs. The writer substantiates judgments and assertions with specific illustrations, facts, and evidence drawn from research appropriate to the assignment and to the discipline. 25% Comments: Criteria: Scholarship The writer has added to the on-going discussion of the topic with his or her own critical analysis, rather than simply repeating what others have said through quotation stacking, paraphrasing, or summaries. The writer draws upon research when necessary to support critical analysis or assertions made and properly acknowledges the work of others by using proper APA documentation format. 25% Comments: Criteria: Extra Credit Points (no more than 10 % of total grade) Student has provided at least one carefully proofread and documented draft. Documentation is an attached form from the Writing Center, completed at least 24 hours prior to due date. Points Earned: Comments: Final Comments: Grade: Calendar and Due Dates: ECE 001 Section 2210 EVC Date: Topic In Class Work Assignments Due Weekend Homework Week One 08/26- Welcome 08/26- Review Syllabus, Complete Station to Station Activity 08/26-Station to Station Card. Get text if you don’t already have it. Read chapter one, The Teacher by 09/09. Week Two 09/09- The Teacher 09/09- Review Chapter One: The Teacher 09/09-Chapter One Reflection Read Chapter Two by 09/16 Week Three 09/16- The Field 09/16-Careers and Programs. Licensing and Standards 09/16-Chapter Two Reflection Read Chapter Three prior to 09/23 Week Four 09/23-History and Models 09/23- History and Educational Models, in class work. In Class work only Read Chapter Eight and review the Observation Packet. Make appointments for four observations. Week Five 09/30-McCarthy Center Observation Meet at Palm Desert Campus by 1:00 pm. Room West Annex 1. Observation at McCarthy Center. Schedule of Observations. Complete Observation Essay and Packet, Due 10/07. Read Chapter Four and Five by 10/07. Week Six 10/08-Observing And Assessing 10/10-Child Development 10/07-Observing and Playing – Make a child 10/10-Chapter Four Reflection Read Chapter Six and complete reflection. Week Seven 10/14-Guidance 10/14-Guidance PPT 10/14-Chapter Six Reflection Read Chapter Seven. Week Eight 10/21- Health and Safety 10/21-Is this place clean and safe? 10/21-Observation #2 packet and summary Read Chapter Nine and Complete Reflection Week Nine 10/28-Play!! 10/28-The importance of Play to Healthy Development and Learning 10/28-Chapter Nine Reflection Read Chapter Ten and Eleven Week Ten 11/04-Curriculum Planning 11/04-Curriculum Planning, Curriculum Models and DAP 11/04-Observation #3 packet and summary Read Chapter Twelve and complete Reflection Week Eleven 11/18-Inclusion and Universal Design 11/18- Inclusion of all children Universal Design for Learning 11/18- Chapter Twelve Reflection Read Chapter Thirteen and complete Reflection Week Twelve 11/25- Working with Families In class work only 11/18-Observation #4 packet and summary Chapter Thirteen Reflection Read Chapter Fourteen and begin Philosophy Statement and Education Plan Week Thirteen 12/02-Becoming a Professional 11/25- Philosophies and Education Plans Drafts of Philosophy Statements and Education Plans Complete Philosophy Statement; be sure it reflects your best work. Week Fourteen 12/09-Review of Important Class points 12/09-Becoming a Professional. Complete final work in class. 12/09- Philosophy Statement Complete Observation #5 and Education Plan/Portfolio Week Fifteen 12/16- Final – Wrapping it up. 12/16- What we learned in this class. Present education plan 12/16-Observation #5 packet and summary. Education Plan and Portfolio

Free Essays on Midsummer Nights Dream

The role of women and the supernatural are obvious themes present in the Shakespeare play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream. These themes are used currently as well; however during the Elizabethan Era they had very different understandings. The role of women was used in a more negative context and the supernatural was more commonly believed than it is today. Compared to men, women were treated as a lower society of persons during the Elizabethan time. They were expected to cook, clean, care for the children, while look beautiful if in a upper class family and be hard working if in a lower class family. Women were not ranked how men were. They were characterized based on their sexual background or their marital status. The father was the head of the household; so whatever he said was the law of the house. The wives could not disagreed or question a decision her husband made unless she did it with humility and meekness. If the father sticks with what he has already said, his wife must accept this and forget about it. The wife is the rock of the family. She must make sure her family is always stabile, emotionally and morally. In the family daughters must be well mannered, good-looking, and pure. Also, she must marry a man that will benefit the social position of her entire family. The daughters cannot even think about marriage unless her parents, mostly her father has approved. Man is considered to be the top ruler in the family, as well as outside the family. The Elizabethans had many reasons why the man, particularly the husband was the top authority. One reason was that God appointed him to this position when man and woman were created. Women were expected to do and say what their husbands wished of them, whether it went against their beliefs and feelings or not. As long as she doesn’t go against God’s will, she can go against herself as often as needed to. Another theme is the supernatural, particularl... Free Essays on Midsummer Night's Dream Free Essays on Midsummer Night's Dream Shakespeare’s play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, is a humorous and imaginative comedy. One main theme Shakespeare includes in his play is transformation. In order to understand the many transformations, one must have a close following and understanding of the play. One transformation, which happens to three people, is due to Oberon and Puck’s flower juice. The juice is a love potion, which is applied to a person’s eyelids when he or she is sleeping. When the person awakens, he or she will fall in love with the first person they see. The first love transformation occurs when Lysander awakens to Helena, his soon-to-be wife’s good friend (Act II, scene ii, lines 103-107). The second transformation occurs when Titania awakens to see Bottom, who has undergone a transformation of his own (Act III, scene i, lines 129-224). The third transformation occurs when Demetrius also awakens to see Helena, whom he had earlier claimed to be sickened by (Act III, scene ii, lines 137-144). Another type of transformation occurs between Hermia and Helena. At the beginning of the play, both Demetrius and Lysander were in love with Hermia, although she was only in love with Lysander (Act I, scene i, lines 22-45). Helena, was in love with Demetrius, but he did not like heart all (Act II, scene i, lines 188-194). By the middle of Act II, because of the love potion, Lysander had fallen in love with Helena. By Act III, Demetrius had also fallen in love with her, for the same reason. Neither Demetrius nor Lysander loved Hermia anymore, but both loved Helena. This is the opposite scenario of what the play opened with. A physical transformation occurs when the mischievous Puck oversees the craftsmen rehearsing their play. He decides to play a joke and transforms Bottom’s head into that of an ass’s (Act III, scene I, lines 102-105). When the other craftsmen see Bottom’s head, they are scared and run away, leaving puck v... Free Essays on Midsummer Night's Dream The role of women and the supernatural are obvious themes present in the Shakespeare play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream. These themes are used currently as well; however during the Elizabethan Era they had very different understandings. The role of women was used in a more negative context and the supernatural was more commonly believed than it is today. Compared to men, women were treated as a lower society of persons during the Elizabethan time. They were expected to cook, clean, care for the children, while look beautiful if in a upper class family and be hard working if in a lower class family. Women were not ranked how men were. They were characterized based on their sexual background or their marital status. The father was the head of the household; so whatever he said was the law of the house. The wives could not disagreed or question a decision her husband made unless she did it with humility and meekness. If the father sticks with what he has already said, his wife must accept this and forget about it. The wife is the rock of the family. She must make sure her family is always stabile, emotionally and morally. In the family daughters must be well mannered, good-looking, and pure. Also, she must marry a man that will benefit the social position of her entire family. The daughters cannot even think about marriage unless her parents, mostly her father has approved. Man is considered to be the top ruler in the family, as well as outside the family. The Elizabethans had many reasons why the man, particularly the husband was the top authority. One reason was that God appointed him to this position when man and woman were created. Women were expected to do and say what their husbands wished of them, whether it went against their beliefs and feelings or not. As long as she doesn’t go against God’s will, she can go against herself as often as needed to. Another theme is the supernatural, particularl... Free Essays on Midsummer Night's Dream Midsummer night's Dream A Midsummer Night’s Dream; Theme of Love In Shakespeare’s play A Midsummer Night’s Dream, one of the main reoccurring themes is love. Shakespeare writes of love that is passionate and impulsive, or sensible and reasonable. In Act three, Bottom, a crude commoner states on opinion of love. "And Yet, to say the truth, reason and love keep little company together now-a-days; the more pity, that some honest neighbors will not make them friends." (Act III, Scene i, line 136) However, in many ways, reason and love are already much more closely linked in their society than the modern day reader is used to. Shakespeare has one example of real love in this play: Hermia and Lysander^s. Their love is pure and simple. They have no reason to be in love with each other, but yet have hopelessly fallen so. This is Shakespeare^s symbol of ultimate innocence. However, often with innocence comes abuse of that quality, as in A Midsummer Night^s Dream. Egeus, Hermia^s father, feels th at Hermia is too innocent to choose her own husband, and that it is his place to choose one for her. Although perhaps he is only doing this to ^protect^ her, it shows his opinion of Hermia^s incompetence. He illustrates this value system when explains to Theseus "And, my gracious duke, This man hath bewitch^d the bosom of my child. Thou, thou, Lysander, thou hast given her rhymes, And interchanged love-tokens with my child^ With cunning hast thou filch^d my daughter^s heart, Turn^d her obedience, which is due to me, To stubborn harshness." (Act I, Scene I, line 27) In many ways the opposite of real love, Hermia and Demetrius^ relationship is symbolic for practicality and sensibility. Hermia does not love Demetrius and refuses to marry him. It is not even clear what Demetrius^ motives are. One can speculate, however, that he desires to marry Hermia for her money or respectable family. Whatever the reasons, it is apparent that this relationship is...

Internal Conflict in Barn Burning by William Faulkner Essay Essay Example

Internal Conflict in Barn Burning by William Faulkner Essay Essay Example Internal Conflict in Barn Burning by William Faulkner Essay Paper Internal Conflict in Barn Burning by William Faulkner Essay Paper Essay Topic: Equus The Chrysanthemums The plants â€Å"Barn Burning† by William Faulkner and â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† by John Steinbeck at first glimpse may look to hold no connexion. but in malice of different secret plan they focus on similar thoughts. The narrative â€Å"Barn Burning† by William Faulkner discusses the interior struggle within Sartoris Snopes. a immature male child who faced a quandary. He tries to do a determination of taking between to lieing in the tribunal under his father’s pressiure who does non desire to acquire into the gaol and moving against his male parent by stating the truth. The chief character is influenced by Abner. his male parent. who tells him. â€Å"You got to larn to lodge to your ain blood or you ain’t traveling to hold any blood to lodge to you. † ( P 496 ) . I think this quotation mark reflects the chief issue of the narrative. which is about blood ties. And we clearly see how Sarty is affected by these blood ties. Faulkner depicts the interior struggle and quandary that the chief character faces. We start to understand the moral quandary of the chief character from the beginning of the narrative. I think Faulkner make us believe about the inquiry: at what point should a individual make a pick between what his parents and or household believes and his ain values? The state of affairs in which Sarty’s struggle is developeded is a test. In this test Sarty is asked. † I reckon any male child named for Colonel Sartoris in this state can’t aid but state the truth. can they? † ( P 154 ) . The immature male child. Sarty. someplace deep in his bosom has a feeling that he wants to move in a right manner. but as he is oly 10 old ages old. I think it is difficult for him to do steadfast determinations. His feelings and ideas are influnced by his male parent. who pressures him. seeking to forestall himself from penalty in the tribunal. We besides understand that Abner makes his son battle with himself by the manner Sarty describes him. Abner does non talk much. We see this in the manner he communicates with his household and other characters. He is a individual with so much pride that he is ready to make anything to avenge those who do something incorrect to him or seek to have him. even if he has to interrupt the jurisprudence. The pick that a immature male child has to do bases between his household and scruples. When Sarty Snopes considers that he has to do a determination of taking between blood. which is his responsibility to his household. and his ain morality. Sarty’s male parent stesses the value of trueness to the household. He states. thatif he does non lodge to hi blood. he will non hold any blood to lodge to. Sarty tries to do himself believe this and even starts a battle with a male child for dissing his male parent. At first Sarty wants to be a moral individual. He is really really disquieted that he has to lie talking to the justice. but he is still traveling to make that. cognizing his male parent wants him to make so. As Sarty respected Abner for his values. he thought he could endorse up him. The male child believed his male parent was a courageous adult male in the war. and that he wanted to direct a warning beforehand with a slave so that no 1 was hurt. The conflict between listening to his ain bosom and make up ones minding to follow his household is the hardest battle of Sarty’s life. He understands that it is non right to hold with his father’s suggestions. but he is non interested in disreputing his male parent by differing with him. The writer explains that if he was older he would â€Å"resist the universe and seek to alter the class of its events† ( P 379 ) . Sarty learns that he does non necessaruly need majority in irder to decline Abner ; at foremost he defends his male parent. but eventually his decided to listen to his bosom. which wants to assist those who were harmed by obstinate and dogmatic Abner. Sarty warns the people in the large white house and goes down the route. Soon Sarty hears a a few shootings. and he thinks that his male parent and brother are caught by the landlord and are shot by him. Regardless of what indeeed happened. he understands he can neer return. The male child merely continues to walk. and he does non look back. At this minute Sarty’s blood ties are broken. and he gets rid of the fright of his father’s wrath. The chief character is free now. But his freedom requires paying some monetary value. I think that the male child still feels some sort of blood tie. described by the writer. and he made this pick with a batch of feelings on both sides of the issue. Sarty still cares for his household in some sense. he still feels love towards his male parent. even though he understands that what his father’s workss are incorrect and he truly had to halt them and discontinue to be a portion of them. The fact that the male child is non able to come back place is non a inquiry of his pick. I think he merely canont travel back. So. Sarty’s bosom still suffers from some struggle that is non truly resolved. even though the state of affairs has truly changed. As I have already discussed. at the beginning of the narrative Sarty feels a strong commitment to his male parent. nevertheless. eventually we learn that his positions change radically. The point of apogee is at the terminal of the narrative when Sarty has warned Major de Spain of Abner’s purposes to fire the barn. I think that the chief character experiences the explosion of emotions. running down de Spain’s thrust and hearing Major’s Equus caballus galloping behind him. The declaration to the struggle comes when Abner and his senior boy are shot. But the existent solution happens at dark after Abner’s decease. when Sarty is sitting upon the crest of a hill believing about his actions and future life. Faulkner proves us that it is impossible to sruggle with one’s ain bosom. The minute when Sarty decided to take morality over the blood pool and warned the de Spain’s revealed his true character. Though this meant the decease of his male parent. Sarty didn’t sorrow of warning de Spain. Alternatively. it looked like the male child was seeking to subsitute his memories of his male parent by some honest. good individual. who had strong strong beliefs. In his narrative â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† John Steinbeck besides reveales the struggle of a human bosom. which is connected with women’s unrealized demands and desires. The writer stresses that as human beings we have to appreciate each other. otherwise finally we will do our lives dark and tragic. The chief character. Elisa Allen. is defeated with her present life. She is plagued with no kids and her hubby is non able admire her romantically as a adult female. The lone thing that helps her to quiet down is her flower garden where beautiful chrysanthemums grow. Steinbeck shows Elisa’s ideas nad feelings about her inner ego by picturing those chrysanthemums. The narrative presents the thought that grasp by the people who we love is an component of human being. When Elisa was acknowledged by her hubby. said. â€Å"maybe I could make it. excessively. I’ve a gift with things. all right. My female parent had it. She could lodge anything in the land and do it grow† ( P 1261 ) . At this minute the adult female feels her husband’s grasp for noticing on her fantastic flowers. This thought of acknowledgment is shown by John Steinbeck to show the demand for a felling of credence. Feeling a strong demand for credence. Elisa turns to a alien and makes efforts to be appreciated. While Elisa negotiations to this alien. their conversation connects to the kingdom of Elisa’s flowers. â€Å"Elisa’s eyes grew watchful and eager. ‘She couldn’t have known much about chrysanthemums. You can raise them from a seed† ( P 1264 ) . This depicts Elisa’s felicity and passion. as she has an chance to be appreciated through her flowers once more. By undestanding the value of Elisa’s flowers. the alien truly accepts the adult female. as her flowers are in some sense the look of herself. They are everything Elisa possesses. being sometimes valued by her hubby and besides being valued by the alien. â€Å"†¦ her eyes shone. She tore off the battered chapeau and shook out her dark pretty hair† ( P 1264 ) . In this quotation mark we see that Elisa opens her bosom up to the alien. She â€Å"tore off† the chapeau to liberate herself from the work which was non appreciated. and revealed her existent beauty to the alien. By moving so. Elisa is prepared herself to acquire the gratitude from the alien. the gratitude that she did non have frequently from her hubby. . After the tinker departs. Elisa is looking frontward to her eventide with her hubby. She hopes Henry will acknowledge her demands as a adult female and supply her with the love affair and passion which she desires. But this hope is rapidly broken. The best best compliment on her visual aspect that Henry makes after she has changed is. â€Å"You look strong plenty to interrupt a calf over your articulatio genus. happy plenty to eat it like a watermelon† ( P 393 ) . This uncomplimentary remark on her visual aspect does non make much for Elisa’s self-importance as a adult female nor toward her feelings toward her hubby. Elisa’s hope is eventually destroyed. as she finds the flowers on the route. The adult female feels that her psyche is wholly emptied by the tinker’s thoughtless rejection of her feelings. Merely like her hubby. he has failed to value the qualities that make her unique as a adult female. This symbolic act has vanished her hope. Elisa realizes that her life will non alter. Henry will non to the full appreciate or understand her muliebrity and gender. She has to l earn to be content with such unreflective hubby and her atrocious matrimony. She realizes that her desolation is truly complete and leaves her â€Å"crying weakly-like an old woman† ( P 394 ) . The chrysanthemums stand for the symbol of Elisa’s function as a adult female. At the get downing they symbolize her kids. subsequently they represent her muliebrity and gender. Elisa feels that her life destroyed her psyche because she lacked kids and love affair in her matrimony with Henry. Finally. her hubby fails to appreciate her feminine qualities and her emotional demands. The brush with the tinker reawakens her gender and Elisa starts to trust that she still has a opportunity for a more exciting and romantic matrimony. However. seeing the flowers on the route she realizes that there will non be any alterations in her life. Finally. her psyche is devastated by such a suffering and uhhappy life. I think that in contrast to the interior struggle. which Faulkner’s Sarty experienced at the beginning of the strory and resolved at the terminal. Steinbeck’s Elisa faced different state of affairs. She had some hopes that her life will travel in the desirable manner. but all her outlooks failed. In my sentiment. in malice of the struggles which different natures. both writers proved in their plants that if human bosom comes into the struggle with itself. it brings enduring. But I think that it is deserving to endure like Sarty for the interest of deciding the struggle ; nevertheless. life turns into the calamity. when the struggle. like in Elisa’s instance. is the concluding of a person’s dreams and outlooks. Bibliography 1. Faulkner. William. Barn Burning. Bedford Introduction to Literature. Boston ; Bedford/St. Martin’s. 2002. 2. Billinglea. O. Fathers and Sons: The Spiritual Quest in Faulkner’s ‘BarnBurning. Mississippi Quarterly: The Journal of Southern Culture 44. 3 ( Summer 1991 ) . 3. Fowler. Virginia C. Faulkner’s ‘Barn Burning’ : Sarty’s Conflict Reconsidered. College Language Association Journal 24. 4 ( June 1981 ) . 4. Steinbeck. John. The Chrysanthemums. Fiction: A Longman Pocket Anthology. Ed. R. S. Gwynn. Second Ed. New York: Longman. 1998. 5. Beach. J. John Steinbeck’s Authentic Characters. Readings on John Steinbeck. Ed. Swisher. Clarice. San Diego: Greenhaven. 1996.

How to Draw Contour Line Art 4 Key Steps

How to Draw Contour Line Art 4 Key Steps SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Have you heard about contour line art but aren’t sure what it is? The good news is that you’ve likely already made dozens, maybe even hundreds, of contour line drawings throughout your life without realizing it! Contour drawing is one of the easiest and most effective ways to improve your hand-eye coordination and drawing skills. In this guide, we explain what contour lines in art are and how you make contour line art. We also suggest different contour drawing exercises so you can keep improving your skills. What Is Contour Line Drawing? Contour line art is a method of drawing where you draw only the outline of an object, without any shading. â€Å"Contour† actually means â€Å"outline† in French, which is where the name comes from. For example, if you wanted to do a contour line drawing of a pear, you’d simply draw the outline of the pear, add a stem, and stop there. Some contour drawings will include outlines of important interior shapes (such as wrinkles in cloth or objects on a bookshelf), but contour drawings will never contain shading or minute details. Because you’re focusing on just the shape of an object and not any minor details, contour line art is a great drawing method for beginning artists as well as those looking for some quick drawing exercises. Children, as well as people without a lot of experience drawing, typically make contour line drawings without realizing it, simply because this method is one of the easiest and quickest ways to begin drawing. However, just because contour line art is easy to start doesn’t mean it’s only meant for beginner artists or those who don’t have the skills to do more detailed drawings. Contour line art has many uses, even for highly-experienced artists. Many artists will begin a project with a contour line drawing to get a quick sense of the piece’s composition, then they’ll later go back and add more details. Contour line art is also a good way to become more skilled at replicating the outline of an object and developing hand-eye coordination (which we’ll explain more about in the next section). If you can’t create strong and accurate outlines of an object, the piece will still look unfinished or slightly â€Å"off† even if you add in lots of details and embellishments. Professional artists have used contour art for centuries. Cartoonists often use contour art in their finished pieces, the ancient Greeks used it when decorating vases, and da Vinci frequently made contour line drawings when doing figure studies. It’s an essential skill that every artist should know and practice regularly. The image on the left is an example of contour line art. The image on the right is NOT because it includes shading. How to Draw Contour Lines in Art In order to get the most from your contour line drawing practice, follow these four steps when making contour art. Step 1: Choose What You’ll Draw and Gather Materials For your first contour drawing, we recommend choosing just one object to draw, as this will be easier to focus on than several objects. Put the object or place your seat in a spot where you have a clear view of the object. For materials, you’ll need a drawing tool (pencil or charcoal is most common), and paper or a sketchpad. If you’re using loose paper, you may want to tape it to something so it doesn’t move around while you’re drawing. Now you’re ready to begin! Step 2: Look at the Object It may surprise you to learn that, when you’re drawing contour lines, you want to spend most of your time looking at the object itself, not at your sketchpad. This can be really difficult when you first start doing it, but that’s the point! Contour drawing forces you to really notice and work to replicate the outline of an object. It trains your hand to follow what your eye sees. Start by spending about half your time looking at the object and half your time looking at your paper, and gradually work your way up to looking at the object 90% of the time. This will feel strange initially, and your first drawings will probably look a little wonky, but just keep practicing! As you develop your hand-eye coordination, it’ll feel much more natural, and your drawing skills will improve as a result. You also want to make sure that you’re capturing as much detail of the object’s outlines as possible. If there’s a notch or a warp in the object, make sure your drawing represents that. Contour art is all about replicating the form of an object as closely as possible. Step 3: Draw Long, Continuous Lines Many people new to contour art begin by drawing lots of short lines because they aren’t used to not looking at their paper, and they don’t want to make too big of a mistake by drawing a long line that doesn’t follow the object’s lines.However, you’ll improve your drawing skills more if you draw fewer, longer lines. Drawing longer lines, especially without looking at your paper, improves your hand-eye coordination and helps you become more confident when drawing. Step 4: Go Slow and Steady It can be tempting to rush through contour drawing exercises, especially if you’re used to drawing detailed pieces where the outline is only the first step. Remind yourself to slow down and concentrate on replicating the outline of the object as perfectly as you can. At the same time, don’t freeze up while you’re drawing. Especially when you first begin contour drawing, you may feel tempted to take breaks to compare your drawing to the actual object. Resist this urge! Remember, you want to spend very little time looking at your paper and more time looking at the object. Just concentrate on closely observing the object, keep drawing steadily, and pause and critique your work once you’ve finished. There’s no â€Å"correct† amount of time to spend on a contour drawing, and it’ll likely depend on what you’re drawing. However, about 5 to 20 minutes per drawing is average. Contour Line Drawing Practice Exercises Now it’s time to put all this new art knowledge to the test! In this section are eight contour line drawing exercises you can do to improve your drawing and observation skills. #1: Make a Contour Drawing of Your Hand If you aren’t sure where to start with contour line art, start with something right in front of you! Hands are a very common object to do a contour drawing of, so once you finish, you can look online or in art books for lots of other examples of contour drawings of hands to compare to your own piece. When you’re drawing, remember to aim to look at your paper only 10% of the time. #2: Copy a Contour Line Drawing by Another Artist If you’re still getting the hang of contour art and are not quite sure how to tackle a real-world object, start by replicating another artist’s contour line drawing. Remember to look more at the object than at your paper, and focus on replicating the lines as closely as possible. #3: Do a Blind Contour Drawing A blind contour drawing means that you don’t look at your paper at allnot even for a single secondfrom the time you begin your drawing until the time you finish. Cover your canvas or sketchpad if you need to.Expect your drawing to look a little funny, especially if it’s your first time doing a blind drawing, but this is a great way to improve those hand-eye-coordination skills and learn to really focus on whatever it is you’re drawing. #4: Draw the Outline of an Object With One Continuous Line This takes the concept of drawing long lines even further. For this exercise, you’ll draw the object in one continuous line, never lifting your pencil from the paper until the outline is complete. Again, these drawings will look strange at first, but as you practice, you’ll improve your drawing skills and your ability to recreate the lines you see in real life. #5: Make Five Contour Line Drawings in Less Than One Minute Each Sometimes you just need a quick exercise to get your creative juices flowing, and contour art, because it doesn’t get into the details of objects, is great for this. This exercise involves drawing five contour line pieces in less than five minutes. You can draw five different objects, draw the same object five times, or a combination. Because you’re only spending a minute on each object, you’ll need to be able to replicate its form quickly but accurately. #6: Draw an Object You Know Really Well Choose something you’re very familiar with, such as a favorite childhood toy, the dresser that you’ve looked at every day of your life, or even a pet or friend, and make a contour line drawing of the object. This may be harder than you think. Because you know the object so well, you may be tempted to add in lots of detail, but remember, contour art focuses on the outer edges of the object. This is a good way to remember what’s important in contour art and what you don’t include. #7: Use Cross Contouring to Add Dimension Cross-contour lines are a way to add depth to your contour drawings without adding shading. To add them, you’ll draw parallel lines that run across the object, similar to those you might see on a topographic map.See examples here. Cross-contour lines will help improve your observational skills and learn more about the rules of perspective by requiring you to pay close attention to the outlines of an object and how the lines run across it. The parts of the object that are closer to you will have cross-contour lines closer together, while the more distant parts of the object will have lines further apart. #8: Draw an Object That's Upside Down Once you’ve gotten the hang of contour line art, try drawing an object upside down! You won’t be able to rely on your memory as much since the object will be flipped, so this will exercise really force you to pay attention to the object’s form as you observe it. Summary: Contour Line Art Contour line definition art is a great way for any artist, whether beginning or advanced, to hone their drawing and observation skills. Contour line drawing involves only drawing the outline of an object, without any shading. When you do contour lines in art, you should spend the majority of the time looking at the object, not your paper, in order to improve your hand-eye coordination and really get a good sense of what the object looks like. Once you feel comfortable with the basics, there are many contour line art exercises you can try out to keep growing your skills! What's Next? Are you making an art portfolio to apply to art schools?Check out our guide to learn everything your art portfolio must include to stand out from the crowd! Now that you know how to create a portfolio, are you wondering what art programs you should apply to? Check out our guide on the best art schools in the United States! Want more drawing exercises? We have a guide with over 100 drawing ideas to keep your artistic skills sharp! Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Christine Sarikas About the Author Christine graduated from Michigan State University with degrees in Environmental Biology and Geography and received her Master's from Duke University. In high school she scored in the 99th percentile on the SAT and was named a National Merit Finalist. She has taught English and biology in several countries. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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In Donoghue v Stevenson (1932) Lord Atkin attempted to create a basic Essay

In Donoghue v Stevenson (1932) Lord Atkin attempted to create a basic principle which could be used in all cases to decide whether or not duty of care is owed t - Essay Example of Murphy v Brentwood DC3 overruled this two fold test laid out in Anns and the liability of a violater of a duty of care was assumed to go beyond merely monetary considerations. This is what finally led to the development of the duty of care owed by every person towards another as laid out in the case of Caparo v Dickman4, which is the foundation of most tort cases today, with some contractual breaches also falling under the tortious breach of duty of care. The case of Donaghue v Stevenson5 was one of the first cases to establish the fact that remedies could exist in tort on the basis that all owe â€Å"a duty of care† to â€Å"their neighbor† and Lord Tomlin stated that â€Å"†¦acts or omissions which any moral code would censure cannot in a practical world be treated so as to give a right to every person injured by them to demand relief.† On the basis of a moral principle that every person owes a duty to other people because they are neighbours, Lord Atkin refined this further by clarifying a duty of care that one owes to a neighbor as follows: â€Å"The rule that you are to love your neighbour becomes in law, you must not injure your neighbour†¦.you must take reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which you can reasonably foresee would be likely to injure your neighbour.†6 The case of Donaghue laid out the general principle that since every person owed others a duty of care based upon the fact that they were neighbors, therefore any breach of that duty could prove to be adequate grounds for seeking damages. However, the criteria and qualifications of this duty of care were explored in the economic context in the case of Anns v Merton Borough London Council7 wherein it was held that economic losses caused by a breach of contract that occurred through negligence would be valid and actionable under tort law. A two way test was set out in this case as follows: (a) was there a sufficient neighbour relationship or a level of proximity between the two

Lost in Translation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lost in Translation - Essay Example Even though globalization has enabled many individuals to have a culture that they can lean back on as depicted in "Globalization" by Maria Jerskey, there are thousands and thousands of individuals who are caught in between foreign cultures or are surrounded by languages that they can neither comprehend nor understand. Therefore, despite the fact that globalization has brought communities together as shown in "Globalization" by Maria Jerskey, it has also brought identity, cultural, language, and ethical challenges as depicted in  "Lost in Translation" Eva Hoffman. The term identity simply refers to who a person is. This term is however paradoxical in the sense that it can be used to refer to ‘sameness’ (what individuals from different groups have in common) and ‘uniqueness’ (the inimitable and distinct traits of individuals). Identity in Lost in Translation can be taken as being central. The problems faced by Hoffman are much more than merely linguistic ones (Ueda para. 2) since define her identity and self-definition. Globalization has enabled the relationship between an individual’s innate identity, enacted identity and language. In â€Å"Lost in Translation,† Hoffman loses the concept of her individuality through her inability to express herself in a new environment. For instance, she says that she becoming a very serious and stern person thereby ignoring the wit and irony available around her even though the irony is all around her. Although globalization has enabled Eva to interact with individuals from a new culture, it has created an identity challenge. Eva argues that she lives in a society whereby nobody gives her identity and therefore on has to re-invent herself each day (Hoffman160). Furthermore, Hoffman identifies that the frame of culture in America is stronger and thus it holds the individual personality more firmly as compared to her home country. This too confirms the complex relationship between

Commodities, mining, FDI, and the awakening Chinese dragon. Where next Essay

Commodities, mining, FDI, and the awakening Chinese dragon. Where next for China - Essay Example China’s open door policy does not only serve as the catalyst for the robust economic growth of China, it is considered as the primary impetus, strongest and decisive factor catapulting China as one of the most powerful economy in the 21st century (Chen 2012; Liu and Daly 2011; Yao 2006). This supposition is maintained on the premise that with the open-door trade policy of China, the country has become the preferred country of foreign investors and as such, recipient of numerous foreign direct investments (FDI) (Yao 2006). From 2000- 2011, China received the largest FDI inflows compared with other developing or transition economy (Davies 2012). In 2011 alone, China’s FDI inflows has reached US$124 billion compared with other countries such as Brazil with US$ 67 billion, Russia with US$ 53 billion, Singapore with US$ 64 billion, and India with US$32 billion (http://stats.unctad.org/fdi/). This shows the continued confidence of investors to China. China’s good perfo rmance in the 1997-1998 Asian crises and the recent global economic slump affirms the view that China’s economy is resilient and China offers a reliable risk-avoidance haven that is suitable for international investors (Davies 2012) as the country continuously moves towards becoming the world’s largest economy (Davies 2012). In this regard, the research will look into the impact of FDI in China with specific focus on the mining industry. This is important, as China is responsible for the net growth in world demands since 1995 (Evans –Pritchard 2012). In fact, just recently, China’s growth contributed to the appreciation of copper in the market (Rowley and White 2012).However, Rio Tanto has announced cost-cutting measures in operating costs across the business amounting to $ 5 billion by 2014, while BHP Billiton is diversifying its portfolio (Rowley and White 2012). In addition, there is apprehension across the mining industry since China is shifting to â €Å"modern, sleek, consumer and service driven economy† (Evans-Pritchard 2012,  ¶ 9). The slowdown in China’s economy and macro-volatility of the global market feed the apprehensions in the mining industry On the other hand, Vivoda (2011) argues China is mining industry continuous to lag behind other industries in terms of foreign investments. In fact, the government consistently reforms and rectifies foreign trade policies to attract investors in the mining sector of the country; nonetheless, foreign investors steer away from China because of uncertainty and lack of transparency within the mining industry (Suxun and Chenjunnan 2008). In the face of this dichotomy in position pertinent to China’s mining industry and FDI, the research may help in clearing some concepts that conflates the trepidation concerning China’s economic slowdown. In addition, some limitations are observed in terms of focus in existing literatures that deal with the issue (Vivoda 2 011). Most literatures tackle specific country/ regional concerns or undertake comparative studies (Vivoda 2011). In this regard, the study contributes to the existing literature, as it will try to explore the developments within China’s mining industry vis-a-vis FDI and understand the impact of the industry to the country as China moves towards bec

Decision Making Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Decision Making Analysis - Essay Example This scenario creates a paradox that demanded quite holistic considerations before the decision could be made. This paper shall explore such considerations made by Pepsi and evaluate the ultimate decision made by the CEO. Pepsi is one of the leading Food and Beverage companies worldwide. The head quarter of this company is based in the United State of America. From the USA, Pepsi reaches out to over two hundred other countries of the world and has employed almost three hundred thousand workers in these various countries. This company specializes on the production of soft drinks of different brands. The company however diversifies its production to other related products such as bottled water, savory and even the whole-grain snacks. This diversification has tremendously increased the sale and consequently, the gross profit of the company across the globe (Pepsi, 2010). Moving to Africa was not a soft nut for the management of the company. There were several factors that posed threats to the operations in Africa. On the other hand, the optimistic CEO could discern abundant opportunities for making huge profit in the fallow land of Africa. For that matter, the pros and cons had to be weighed on the same beam balance. Infrastructure is always the key consideration made by any multinational companies before opening corporate businesses in foreign countries. In this case, the target location had poor infrastructure. Bad roads may deter the product distribution and sales especially in the remote areas. The company might have to spend more on vehicle repair and maintenance. Electricity distribution in some parts of Africa is unevenly. The electricity energy is needed to preserve and cool the soft drinks would be lacking in such locations, giving the products a bad taste thereby lowering the demand. Another big challenge to Pepsi Company would be its competitors, and in this case, the Coca cola company which has deeply established its roots in the

Criminal justice Mini study Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Criminal justice Mini study - Research Paper Example The research problem in this context can be recognized as the conduct of graffiti by gangs in community such as in schools. Conceptually, graffiti refers to certain writings or drawings made on the walls of the communities asserting messages of threat. In various cities of the nations like in the case of New York, the police officers have been assigned to look after this issue. Thus, in this regard, graffiti in the community is the research problem to be identified (Maxfiled and Babbie 237-238). Reviewing the prior research. Prior research refers to the study of the current situation of the problem of graffiti with reference to the available data. This step of planning gives more attention on the selection of data collection method and also gives a clear view of the measures to be taken for solving the problem. Relating to this aspect, the notion of units of analysis specifies on the identification of the problem through the conduct of researches based upon primary along with secondary data (Maxfiled and Babbie 237-238). Research findings of content analysis of graffiti in community. Research findings will contain the implications of the problem i.e. conduct of graffiti in the community. This provides much attention on the goals and the rationales of the study conducted on graffiti in the community. The other aspect concerning the formation of content analysis require to be taken into concern is that the study must not be too limited towards manifest content and also not much extended towards latent analysis. Manifest analysis gives more importance to the goal of the study, whereas latent analysis focuses upon seeking independent evidences. With regards to the problem of graffiti, it can be affirmed that this problem must not only be identified, rather proper solutions to eradicate this must be found out and implemented (Maxfiled and Babbie 237-238). Planning of coding system for the study. This planning step focuses upon the establishment of

The Reinvention of Marriage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Reinvention of Marriage - Essay Example Marano wrote about marital therapist Liberty Kovacs' research and findings, based on theoretical bravado from group dynamics, theories of adult development, and family systems, of the six stages that marriages go through. Kovacs developed a system which tracks the paths of marital relationships as they evolve in intimacy and mutuality and finds that these paths are predictable in marriages. The six stages are highly distinct and marriages do not necessarily move from one stage to the next in an orderly fashion. A marriage may be stuck in one stage for years or it may go back to another stage. Instead of progressing in a linear pattern, the stages move in a circular pattern. The six stages include: Stage One-Romance (Honeymoon) Fusion; Stage Two-Expectations Compromise; Stage Three-Power Struggle; Stage Four-Seven-Year Itch Competition; Stage Five-Reconciliation Cooperation; Stage Six-Acceptance Collaboration. Being able to look at marriage as a predictable pattern, which involves phases that couples go through, helps couples to be aware of what they are going through and how to deal with them. The knowledge that these phases are part of what marriages go through helps couples to know that this is a natural cyclic process and that they are not alone as all marriages go through these stages in time, as research has discovered. ... Being aware of the stages of marriage allows a couple to customize and design a marriage that will help them work through the six stages then instead of trial and error attempts at a guessing game, there is a more tried and true approach. Couples are able to view the blueprint as they are aware of the stages and can customize the path/solution to take. A strong marriage does not happen overnight and instant gratification should not be what one looks for. Poor conflict management is the key in developing a healthy marriage as it moves through the stages. The art of arguing, as Kovacs calls it, is learning how to communicate effectively and to learn the skills of problem solving. It is important that men and women understand their differences in how they handle conflict and experience pain. By understanding each other's points of view and natural way of responding, conflict management and problem solving can be more easily accomplished. Along with better conflict management methods "th e positive affect", or the expression of affection, must also be incorporated. A sense of humor, empathy, agreement, and other positive actions are aspects of "the positive affect" which shows expressions of affection. This article is relevant to psychology because as the "Elmer" Social Science Dictionary (2003) defines the word psychology, it deals with the "Scientific study of human behavior, mental processes, and how they are affected and/or affect an individuals or group's physical state, mental state, and external environment. Its goal is to describe, understand, predict, and modify behavior." The findings of this article and the research that was conducted can be applied toward not only marriages but basically, any

Criminal justice Mini study Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Criminal justice Mini study - Research Paper Example The research problem in this context can be recognized as the conduct of graffiti by gangs in community such as in schools. Conceptually, graffiti refers to certain writings or drawings made on the walls of the communities asserting messages of threat. In various cities of the nations like in the case of New York, the police officers have been assigned to look after this issue. Thus, in this regard, graffiti in the community is the research problem to be identified (Maxfiled and Babbie 237-238). Reviewing the prior research. Prior research refers to the study of the current situation of the problem of graffiti with reference to the available data. This step of planning gives more attention on the selection of data collection method and also gives a clear view of the measures to be taken for solving the problem. Relating to this aspect, the notion of units of analysis specifies on the identification of the problem through the conduct of researches based upon primary along with secondary data (Maxfiled and Babbie 237-238). Research findings of content analysis of graffiti in community. Research findings will contain the implications of the problem i.e. conduct of graffiti in the community. This provides much attention on the goals and the rationales of the study conducted on graffiti in the community. The other aspect concerning the formation of content analysis require to be taken into concern is that the study must not be too limited towards manifest content and also not much extended towards latent analysis. Manifest analysis gives more importance to the goal of the study, whereas latent analysis focuses upon seeking independent evidences. With regards to the problem of graffiti, it can be affirmed that this problem must not only be identified, rather proper solutions to eradicate this must be found out and implemented (Maxfiled and Babbie 237-238). Planning of coding system for the study. This planning step focuses upon the establishment of

Environmental Health Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Environmental Health Assessment - Essay Example E.J). Mold formation can be seen in various places - indoor and outdoor. The commonly found species of molds are Aspergillus, Stachybotrys, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Pencillium, Memnoniella, Alternaria, Mucor and Mycotoxins (Mold Types - Common Species of Mold. 2008, Mold Removal Unit. 2003). Of these, Stachybotrys and Memnoniella are very toxic and the others are common house molds. They require moist cellulose areas like wet wood, paper and cotton to grow (Mold Removal Unit. 2003.) .Mold is usually spotted on moist open areas like wet walls, open water in/outlets, leaking walls, decaying plants, wet soil, wet carpet etc (Mold Types - Common Species of Mold. 2008, Mold Removal Unit. 2003 ). Though there are many methods prevailing that can detect some types of mold, they are not 100% efficient due to the following factors: Mold detection does not imply that it should be removed. Though health advisors / conscious people would prefer that molds be removed effectively once it is detected, there’s no legal obligation for the same except in few countries (Testing for Mold. 2008.) Owing to the possible environment health hazards of molds and growing public concerns & litigations over molds, the Toxic Mold Protection Act of 2001 (Mold Bill) and United States Toxic Mold Safety and Protection Act of 2003 (The Melina Bill) were formed in the United States. The Mold Bill, though not a law, has asked the Department of Health Services (DHS) of California to organize a special team consisting of medical and health experts, mold removal experts, government representatives, representatives from Californian companies and workers, and affected consumers and industries. The team will analyse the possible health hazards due to various types and intensity of molds and set criteria for estimation, detection and remediation of mold. The team was to be effective from 2002. Due